Abstract
This article reports on five articles written by Tsunenori Yamaguchi in order to survey drawing education in Hokkaido before “Jiyuga” Education. Yamaguchi graduated from the teachers’ college of Sapporo in 1913, and was an elementary school teacher in Sapporo when he wrote the five articles.
(1) The four articles Yamaguchi wrote for “Hokkai no Kyoiku” in 1917 and the article he wrote for “Hokkaido Kyoiku” in 1920 criticized drawing education for encouraging school children to concentrate on “Ringa”. In the “Ringa” class, schoolchildren had to draw the same picture as the picture in their textbooks.
(2) Sapporo accepted “Shintei Gachou” as the drawing education textbook when Yamaguchi was a teacher at elementary school in Sapporo. It was a national textbook edited according to the concept, “Kyoiku teki Zuga.” Yamaguchi thought that he had to obey the concept, “Kyoiku teki Zuga,” but it was not easy for him to interpret the concept, “Kyoiku teki Zuga.” Yamaguchi sometimes complained about “Shintei Gachou” in his articles.
