The Active Affects of Sheltrbelts ton Environment on The Semiarid Region in Northeast China

抄録

Since the shelterbelt Systems of 1, 092, 260 ha has been established for thirteen years from 1978 having formed 526, 541 networks protected 13, 619, 400 ha, land in western part of Northeast region of China. According to the research work we did in the last five years. The results of research project showed that the shelterbelts has improved the environment significantly. A parameter of comprehensive effects of temperature, moisture and wind in the networks (E_c=246.52-12, 17E+0.58T+6.58U) which is an active method to estimate the affects on shelterbelt on farmland, it's around 21.1-30.9mm/mouth improving the moisture state in dry season helping the crop yield increasing on the average by 19.8%. The effective accumulated temperature (≥10°C) increase by 71°C, the cropland area where suffered wind and frost damage decrease by 80-90%, the grass coverage on the pastureland and grass production increase by 13% and by 49.4-72%, rough protein, rough fat and nitrogen-free extract of grass increase by 3.34%, 2, 4% and 8.4% separately. A large number of fixing sand plantation has been established for over thirty years on shifting sand land in Kerqin sand land, most sand dunes were stable, a great results got from 2, 000ha, experimental area in this region, the atmospheric transport dust decrease by 2, 253t/y, adsorbed dust 11.1t/y and people's eyes sick decrease by 75%. The sandy ecological system develops a relative stable plantation system, the grass, shrubs increase to 200 species from 20 species, insects increase to 400 from 30 species, birds 60 species and other animals increase to 20 from a few species, the fungi increase to over 200 species.