抄録
Aspects of disaster-formative factors and environments, disaster-genetic regularity and their effects on agriculture, the characteristics of the occurrence of agro-meteorological disasters and their impact are assessed in this paper. The high risk level and high vulnerability of these disasters are pointed out. In China, meteorological disasters, which account for 80 percent of all natural disasters, are characterized by their high frequencies, broad range and increasing tendency. The annual average area of disaster-affected fields nationwide amounts to 30.7 million hectares, 62 percent of which comes from droughts, 24 percent from floods, 8 percent from hail d violent winds, 6 percent from freezing injuries. These disasters lead to more than 10 billion kilograms of losses of grain yield. Among all these direct economic losses arising from natural disasters, 60-70 percent results from droughts and floods. The occurrence of agro-meteorological disaster has peculiarities of quasi period and simultaneity, and disaster effects may be worsen by artificial environmental deterioration.
