Abstract
The cultural "Type", which Muthesius proclaimed, was opposed by architects spported Art Nouveau or Expressionism and adovocated individual freedom. And this "Type" was unable to have a great influence on the flowering of Modern Architecture. This design prevalence lasted till the end of Expressionism which had a climax in the social confusion after the First World War. After several years of the War, this social confusion was over and reliance on civilization was recovered, as a policy of national welfare in Weimar Republic, it's public mass housing had begun. Architects engaged in this housing needed a typical house type of this time and staudrdization of parts in it's construction. This concept of "type" has an universal-civilizational character and greatly influenced on the developing tendencies of Modern Architecture. This type as the universal-civilizational concept was different with Muthesius' type, which was national or local, developed from it's tradition successfully, and we were able to make it by hand. As against of this type, this universal-civilizational type depends on a functional needs of the general public and an economical productivity of mass production, and therefore this is an inevitable result of this time in historical regard. Thus, the "Type", also with other movements in Modern Architecture, developed from an individual-cultural concept to an universal-civilizational, and this universal-civilizational type supported the flowering of Modern Architecture.
