RESEARCH OF THE OPPRESSIVENESS AND SPACIOUSNESS IN URBAN SPACE

Focusing on the difference in the surrounding environment and exterior materials

Abstract

　Various studies have been conducted on the factors that influence the oppressiveness, but they cannot be said to be sufficiently quantified. Moreover, these have not been analyzed from the viewpoint of spaciousness. Therefore, in this study, we will quantitatively evaluate how the oppressiveness and the spaciousness change when the height of the surrounding building and the exterior of the target building are changed with respect to the target building. Two experiments were conducted. In both experiments, images prepared in advance were presented to the subjects in VR, and evaluation was performed using the rating scale method and the ME method.

　In Experiment 1, three types of surrounding environment, super high-rise, high-rise, and semi-high-rise, was combined with eight types of exterior materials; standards, roadside trees, wall greening, advertisements, light colors, dark colors, mirror glass, and unevenness. 24 In total images was evaluated. In Experiment 2, in addition to 7 types of combinations of the target building and the surrounding environment, 5 types of exterior materials with different colors (medium light color, medium dark color, red, yellow red, yellow), a total of 12 images were evaluated. The following findings was obtained by analyzing the evaluation results.

・　The oppressiveness received from a single building is hardly affected by the surrounding environment. It can be explained by the shape of the target building.

・　We analyzed the effects of various exterior materials on the oppressiveness and the spaciousness, and the coefficient of weight is calculated.

・　The cityscape evaluation of the oppressiveness and the spaciousness will begin to change significantly when the height of the target building exceeds 60 m.

・　From this study, it was found that the color weighting coefficient can be expressed by a function of lightness, and we calculated a formula to predict the color weighting factor.

・　The group of conversion tolerance of each exterior material was calculated. As a result, the conversion oppressiveness tolerance limit value is 65%, and the conversion spaciousness assurance limit value is 73%.

　Comparing the results of the previous study with the results of this study, the tolerance or range of the previous study and the conversion tolerance of this study are very close, showing that the conversion tolerance proposed by this study is valid.