Isolation, Structure and HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitory Activity of Exophillic Acid, a Novel Fungal Metabolite from Exophiala pisciphila

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HIV-1 integrase is one of the three enzymes that are critical for replication and spread of HIV and its inhibition is one of the most promising new drug targets for anti-retroviral therapy with potential advantage over existing therapies. This paper describes the isolation and structure elucidation of exophillic acid, a novel dimeric 2, 4-dihydroxy alkyl benzoic acid, derived from Exophiala pisciphila, a fungus isolated from a soil sample collected in Georgia, USA. Exophillic acid (1) and aquastatin A (2), a related compound, inhibited the strand transfer reaction of HIV-1 integrase with IC₅₀ values of 68 and 50μM, respectively.