Abstract
Water resources of Turphan compose of the snow and glacier from the Tenshang mountains. Peoples in Turphan continue the consolidated agriculture since old times depend on traditional channels and Karez. Recent years, arable land increased with population and demand of the irrigated water increased abruptly for assurance of productivity.
Traditional systems of irrigation could not supply the essential water to extended arable land, because dams and wells constructed for irrigation. Construction of large scaled reservoirs, canals and wells conducted of enlargement of the irrigated area and increasing of the agricultural products. But, the excessive irrigation caused to increase of the evapotranspiration and salinization. The conditions like this, the extensive arable land progressed to the desertification and abandoned. And the traditional systems of irrigation, Karez declined by interference many facilities of irrigation each other.
The potentiality of water resources development is comparatively small, judging from the present condition of water use in Turphan. Because, the developed water resources must be utilized effectively and must be take measures to save irrigation strongly. And the management of irrigation systems must be intensify, the new technology of irrigation must be popularize and the efforts of saving water must be make for irrigation system.
