Abstract
We are primarily interested in the contributions to our understanding of 'rural planning problems' researched by economists, management scientists, sociologists, engineering scientists and biologists in agriculture. This interdisciplinary approach has its advantages, but at present seems not to have common conceptual terms to suit the line of demarcation that academics have drawn between their areas of study.
In this paper the writer attempts to apply such common concepual terms to the approach as 'environment, change, organization, structure, behavior'. Through these terms and such analytical terms as 'satisficing, search, learning, adaption, conflict' in psychology, he attempts to explain, predict and control the process from planning to implementation to solve rural and agricultural problems. All these terms are usually used to explain, predict and control behavioral hypotheses or rules in the behavioral science approach to decision making. This means that he will look at the process from rural or agricultural planning to implementation in the organizational and individual behaviors of the decision making process. The behavioral science approach is characterised by its descriptive and practical hypotheses that decision makers conduct really in 'satisficing criteria' within the 'bounded rationality' framework rather than' optimal criteria' within the 'perfect rationality' framework of nowmative approaches, because their cognitive capacities and environmental information for finding and solving probelms are really limited in decision making processes.
It is, however, a problem-solving and passive approach marked by improving conservatively agricultural infrastructure but not any strategies (opportunities) developing and active approach marked by renovating it. The land renovations for expanding and adjusting agricultural infrastructure are now expected so as to enlarge small farm sizes or to diversify specialised rice farms into mixed products farms, because their survival is today threatened by the internationalizing of the domestic economy. Therefore, such reclamation projects as a study case are significant for their active approach 87 and renovative character. But the results of these projects in general may not be successful because they are mostly implemented without rural planning involving the renovation of human relations and systems in farm products areas. This paper is characterised by ways of explaining, predicting and controlling a mechanism and factors that the reclamation project without rural planning does not result generally in developing regional agriculture of its implementing areas, according to III Ansoff's behavioral hypothesis that 'Strategy follows Structure'. This hypothesis is developed by the behavioral science approach.
