Abstract
Soil moisture is a key environmental factor influencing nitrogen supply and release, playing a crucial role in crop growth and agricultural productivity. This study systematically reviews the mechanisms of water regulation in soil nitrogen transformation, mineralization, and loss processes (such as leaching and volatilization), clarifying the effects of water dynamics on nitrogen bioavailability and transport characteristics. By integrating water management techniques such as precision irrigation and alternate wetting and drying, the potential pathways for optimizing nitrogen supply and their role in improving nitrogen use efficiency are analyzed. The findings indicate that proper water management not only activates soil microbial activity and promotes efficient organic nitrogen transformation but also effectively suppresses greenhouse gas emissions such as nitrous oxide, thereby achieving the dual goals of efficient nitrogen utilization and environmental protection. Further exploration of water-nitrogen co-management strategies suggests that a scientifically integrated water and fertilizer management approach can significantly reduce agricultural non-point source pollution and optimize resource use efficiency. This study aims to provide theoretical foundations and practical pathways for sustainable agricultural production and environmental management by elucidating the coupling mechanisms of water regulation and nitrogen cycling, offering insights into resource-efficient utilization and green agricultural development.
