A Study of the Concept of “Shame–Honor” Among the Bugis–Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

This essay aims to explore the concept of “shame–honor” in Bugis–Makassar society in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The concept of “shame–honor” is known locally as siri’ and is noted by scholars to be one of the most important cultural values for the Bugis–Makassar people. In previous research, siri’ has been mostly discussed in male-female relationships, especially in regards to elopement or as the motive for numerous murders. Little research has been conducted about the role of siri’ in other forms of social relationships in Bugis–Makassar society.

This essay attempts to clarify and show the importance of “maseddi siri’ ” (“unite in siri’ ”), a phrase that encourages people to join together in groups to defend their honor. Using historical facts and newspaper articles, the essay will show how these action groups can form at different levels (kinship, neighborhood, transmigrants, guerillas, ethnic groups, and kingdoms) for different purposes. The paper will also show that people in Bugis–Makassar society can “unite in siri’ ” according to their specific situations.