2023 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 102-107
Background: We prospectively investigated the capability of the dual-task stepping test in predicting falls and the ability to perform activities of daily living in older patients receiving acute care.
Methods: We recruited 92 participants aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted to our hospital for treatment of an acute disease from January to December 2021. They performed the dual-task stepping test, wherein they recalled their previous meal while stepping in place in the seated position for 30 s. Data regarding their falls and ability to use the toilet, change underwear, bathe, walk, and use stairs while in the hospital were recorded. We assessed the accuracy with which we could predict these measures at discharge using the dual-task stepping test results.
Results: A significant association was noted between the dual-task stepping test results and falls (p = 0.014). The area under the curve was 0.70, sensitivity was 100%, and specificity was 38.8%. The dual-task stepping test results were associated with all activities of daily living items examined (p < 0.001), with areas under the curve of 0.92, 0.83, 0.84, 0.87, and 0.87 for the ability to use the toilet, change underwear, bathe, walk, and use stairs, respectively. Sensitivity was the highest for the ability to use the toilet at 96.2%, and specificity exceeded 90% for changing underwear, bathing, walking, and using the stairs.
Conclusions: The dual-task stepping test is highly sensitive for predicting falls in the hospital and accurately predicts the need for assistance with activities of daily living in older patients.
