Abstract
Statures of the 22 Neolithic populations on the East Asian Continent were estimated from the maximum length of the right femur by means of the method of Feldesman et al. (1990). For the purpose of comparing, statures of the four Neolithic populations on the Japanese Islands were also estimated. Of male populations on the continent, it was found that the tallest population was the Dawenkou population of 177.2 cm height (Shandong Province), and that the shortest population was the Youyugang population of 152.2 cm height (Guangdong Province), respectively. Of female populations on the continent, it was found that the tallest was the Jiahu of 165.4 cm (Henan Province), and that the shortest was the Xiawanggang of 142.9 cm (Henan Province), respectively. The Dawenkou and Jiahu would be one of the tallest populations in the history of Mongoloid. It was revealed that the populations on the Huanghuan Plain, which stretches between the Yellow River (=the Huang River) and the Huai River, were taller than the other populations, and that there were geographic clines in the stature of the Neolithic populations on the East Asian Continent.
