Article ID: e26.83
This study examined first-formant (F1) adaptation to altered auditory feedback in native speakers of Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, and Vietnamese. Participants produced native /e/-containing targets and a common English target while F1 feedback was shifted upward or downward. Hold-phase F1 adaptation varied with language group, perturbation direction, and target condition. We also computed a group-level influence index summarizing the geometric relation between native short-vowel distributions and perturbation direction. The index was partly aligned with observed adaptation patterns, suggesting that vowel-space structure may provide a descriptive framework for interpreting cross-language differences in formant adaptation.
