2018 Volume 11 Issue 2 Pages 243-247
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the left common iliac artery with development of an arteriovenous fistula is extremely rare. Here we report the case of a 78-year-old woman with primary vascular leiomyosarcoma that presented as acute heart failure involving an arteriovenous fistula. She underwent surgery; however, after the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma, she did not seek active treatment. She died 8 months after the surgery. This case report supports the need to document and follow-up a primary leiomyosarcoma of the iliac artery, especially when a case includes the presentation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Vascular leiomyosarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of an AVF.
