うごきの発生に関する研究

け上がりのケース

抄録

 As human beings, we can do only three movements just after we are born³⁾: crying, sucking and swallowing. After that, we acquire many other kinds of movements during the process of our growth. For example, turning over in bed, walking, running, throwing a ball, using chopsticks and so forth. So every movement that we can do now has been acquired through practice at some point in our lives.

 In this study, we wanted to find out the characteristics of the coarse form (Grobform) of Kip from the steps (Laufkippe). We also wanted to know how long it takes for each person to learn the coarse form of Kip on the horizontal bar.

 Forty-eight male university students in the sport science department were used as subjects in this study. At first, the students were given questionnaires regarding their experience with Kip. Then, their gymnastics classes concerning Kip were all videotaped and analyzed.

 The questionnaire results were as follows: 41.7% of the students had never experienced Kip in their lives; 29.2% of the students had experienced Kip but had never succeeded in performing it; 14.6% of the students had succeeded several times in doing Kip; and 14.6% of the students could do it every time they tried. So only 29.2% of all the subjects had experienced the coarse form (Grobform) of this movement before they started their gymnastics classes.

 Thirty-four students in the test group couldn't perform Kip before they started the gymnastics classes. At the end of these classes, 32 students succeeded in performing this skill by themselves. Concerning the emergence of Kip, out of the 32 successful students, 8 acquired this skill as early as during the first class.

 On the other hand, the remaining 2 students succeeded in performing Kip through assistance by a teacher using index fingers only.

 Through this study, we have found the various coarse forms (Grobform) of this movement. The characteristics of “Grobform” come from raw undeveloped techniques.