Dental implant treatment with lateral sinus floor augmentation: The effects of systemic and local factors on the clinical results

Abstract

Purpose: Lateral sinus floor augmentation is commonly performed as a predictable procedure optimizing the placement of dental implants into atrophied maxillary alveolar ridge. It has been reported that implant survival rates with lateral sinus floor augmentation is 98%. However, for a precise diagnosis and screening prior to surgery, understanding the systemic or local risk factors may affect clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of the various factors of lateral sinus floor augmentation on implant survival rate. Materials and Methods: A total of 398 patients treated with a combination of lateral sinus floor augmentation and dental implant placement at Dental Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University from 2000 to 2014 were examined. We evaluated the effects of the following factors on implant survival rate: Diabetes，smoking，nasal disease，respiratory disease with steroid drug，residual bone height and surgical procedure, implant system, bone substitute, sinus membrane perforation，cover screw exposure and periodontitis．The differences of the means were analyzed by logistic regression analysis． Results: The number of implants could not acquire osseointegration was 43 in total, and the survival rate was 94.3%. Nasal disease (p=0.00856), implant system (p=0.00043) and cover screw exposure (p=0.0390) were related to implant failure. Discussions and conclusions: The present results indicate that nasal disease and postoperative cover screw exposure affected implant survival rate. Corroboration with an otolaryngologist, treating nasal disease before maxillary sinus floor augmentation and avoiding postoperative cover screw exposure are important.