Abstract
Anaphase chromosome separation is a result of two distinct processes; chromosome-to-pole movement, and pole-to-pole movement (spindle elongation). In vitro studies have shown that 1) the force required for spindle elongation is generated by mechanochemical enzymes which mediate the sliding apart of antiparallel microtubules; and 2) the activity of kinetochore is responsible for chromosome-to-pole movement, and chromosomes in vitro can move polewards by microtubule chromosomes in vitro can move polewards by microtubule depolymerization at the kinetochore.
