Evaluation of the genetic diversities and nutritional values of prevalent aquatic plants for animal production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

抄録

Two aquatic plants, water spinach Ipomoea aquatica and water hyacinth Echhornia crassipes were studied, with three varieties of the former ('HAT' (seed), 'NUOC'(on the water surface) and 'DONG' (in the field) and three populations of the latter collected at three sites at Cantho University campus, rural river banks and in farm ditches. All samples were examined using protein electrophoresis by the SDS-PAGE method, and levels of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), amino acids, total oil and fatty acid composition were determined. The results showed that the three water spinach varieties were diverse in phenotype (Ho), genetic marker (H_<EP>), and the sum of the effective number of alleles (SENA) ranged from 1.5 to 2.0 according depending on the variety, the 'NUOC' variety was best in terms of protein value as well as genetic diversity; CP and EE content of the stems and leaves (powdered) ranged from 18.6-29.5% and from 6.9-7.2%, respectively. High lysine and α-linolenic acid contents ranged from 0.8-1.4% and from 45.1-47.3%. Water hyacinth collected in Cantho University was also diverse in phenotype (Ho), and the sum of the effective number of alleles (SENA); CP and EE contents of the young light green stems and leaves (powdered) ranged from 16.4-21.8% and from 4.3-4.8%; while lysine and α-linolenic acid ranged from 0.56-1.03% and from 37.6-38.6%. It is considered that the selection, conservation, and improvement of aquatic plant species are important for the future development of these species as crops.