医学における逆問題(<特集>逆問題)

抄録

Basic characteristics, solution algorithm and current trends in the inverse problems in medicine are generally reviewed. First we deal the basic classification of medical inverse problems in relation to the difference of observation: remote sensing and remote probing typed inverse problems. Second, we describe the several characteristics of the solving method which are used in the medical inverse problems. In doing so, we pay close attention to the structure of observational equation and the method to introduce the a priori information to the inverse solution. Among these, Wiener filter method, Tikhonov regularization method are introduced as they are applied in the medical inverse problems. In the above description, several examples such as computed tomograpy, inverse magnetic encephalography and inverse ECG problems are introduced.