Electric Toroidal Ordering in Iridium Oxide Ca₅Ir₃O₁₂

Abstract

To clarify the order parameter of the non-magnetic phase transition in iridium oxide Ca₅Ir₃O₁₂ at 105 K, various experiments such as Raman scattering, inelastic X-ray scattering, and synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction were conducted. The results showed that the order parameter is an electric toroidal dipole order.