Investigation of the Milky Way by Measurement of Stellar Motions : Pursuit of dynamical structures of the large scale self-gravitating system

Abstract

The human race continue performing astrometry which provides positions and motions of stars shining with a night sky in order to find out a new natural law from ancient times. At the close of the 20th century, the space astrometry with a sufficient precision was performed for the first time without atmospheric turbulence. In the 21st century some plans of more accurate astrometry are advancing. In the text, I will show you the followings; the history of astrometry, the present and future status of the observation precision, examples of scientific objectives in the future astrometry such as clarification of the dynamical structure of the Milky Way Galaxy which is a self-gravitating system, introduction of some plans of future highly precise astrometry in the world, and finally JASMINE (Japan Astrometry Satellite Mission for INfrared Exploration) which is now developing in Japan.