アイヌ古式舞踊の記録と伝承

鵡川アイヌを事例として

抄録

　The Ainu are an indigenous people who inhabit mostly in Hokkaido, Japan. During the Meiji era, their living conditions changed drastically and their traditional culture declined as a result of the assimilation policy of the Japanese government. However, since the end of 20th century the Ainu traditional culture has been revitalized. Partly because the Japanese government began promoting and protecting Ainu culture, language and tradition by enactment of the New Ainu Law (1997). Besides, designating“ Traditional Ainu dance” as an important intangible folk-cultural property (1984 and 1994) by Japanese government as well as inscribing it as UNESCO ICH (2009) also gave positive impact on such a revitalization movement.
　This paper investigates the current situation of Traditional Ainu Dance, based on the field research on Mukawa Ainu, one of the Ainu cultural preservation organizations in Hokkaido. Also by the comparative analysis between past and present, we clarify how and why it was changed. Currently the Ainu cultural preservation organizations in Hokkaido are actively working in various cultural events with a rise of public concern. But meanwhile main members of those organizations are aging and thus they are worried about transmission in the future. Therefore we would advocate the result of this comparative study as the new approach of record and transmission for the next generations.