How Beneficial or Threatening is Artificial Intelligence?

Abstract

Computer scientists have studied artificial intelligence and machine learning since computers were invented. There have been three waves of developments, in this field. First development, in the 1950s, computer chess and reversi^TM, were realized. In the second development, “expert systems” attracted attention and started the “5th Generation Computer Project.” in 1980s. However, the results of both the developments were insufficient (for example, 5^th Generation Computer was not created), and the enthusiasm for expecting new type of computers such as artificial intelligence quickly diminished. We are now in the third wave of the AI developments. Will it produce satisfactory results? Will it revolutionize life sciences? In this article, I have tried to answer these questions.