Abstract
This paper concerns how to use various antibiotics in renal failure, in regard to the changes in: metabolic route of antibiotics using dogs with renal impairment produced by injection of mercury bichloride.
Blood, bile and urine samples were collected and bio-assayed following intravenous administration. of penicillin-G (PC-G), pyrrolidinomethyl-tetracycline (PRM-TC), erythromycin (EM), kanamycin (KM) and gentamicin (GNT) after catheterization in hepatic vein and in common bile duct.
Using these data, clearances and rates of removal of drugs from serum (Ks), liver and bile, and kidney (Kr) were calculated.
In normal dogs, rates of decline from serum i. e. half-life of PC-G, KM, GNT and PRM-TC were found mainly due to removal of these antibiotics form the kidney (Kr) with the exception of EM. In renal failure, there were marked decreases of Kr in PC-G, KM, GNT and PRM-TC, where as less decrease in EM.
It was sho wn that hepatic metabolism of PRM-TC and EM were accerelated in renal failure, while hepatic removals of KM and GNT were negligible.
Accordingly, decreases of Ks, i. e. prolo ngations of half-life in renal failure are most prominent in
KM, GNT, and PC-G and in lesser degaee in PRM-TC. EM is practically not influenced. KM, GNT and PRM-TC are more or less toxic and thus may be hazardous in renal failure unless control of dosage schedule.
