Abstract
Nephrotoxicity study of cefamandole sodium (CMD) was conducted in comparison with those of cephalothin sodium (CET) and cefazolin sodium (CEZ) using the rabbits known to be particularly sensitive to the renal toxicity induced by cephalosporins. The toxicities of these compounds were examined by intravenous administration at the doses of 0, 500 or 2, 000 mg/kg in single injection and at the doses of 0, 200 or 400mg/kg/day in 7 days consecutive medication. In the latter, reversibility from the toxicity was also observed for 3 weeks after cessation of the medication.
Single or 7 days consecutive administration of CMD or CEZ induced the dose-related renal injuries; such as, elevation of plasma BUN and creatinine; degeneration, necrosis and calcification of the proximal tubular epithelium of the cortex, dilatation of the distal tubulus and hyaline casts in lumen of the tubulus. However, the renal toxicity by CMD was lower than that by CEZ. On the other hand, nephrotoxicity was not elicited by the administration of CET. Renal tubular alterations almost recovered in the animals received CMD, but reversibility from the nephrotoxicity by CEZ was not completed by 3 weeks after withdrawal of the compound.
Although the injection of CEZ induced hepatic injury, activity of S-GPT characteristically reduced in the animals.
