Rolling-shutter-based 16-QAM optical camera communication by spatial luminance distribution

Abstract

To increase both the symbol rate and the number of bits per symbol for optical camera communication (OCC), rolling-shutter (RS)-based quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is demonstrated by spatial luminance distribution of a light emitting diode (LED) surface. The spatial luminance distribution method is adapted to different LEDs regardless of the LED shape and configuration, and compared with the conventional pixel value method. The advantages and drawbacks of the spatial luminance distribution method are experimentally investigated. When the symbol length is integer multiples of the line interval of the RS camera, RS-based 16-QAM OCC is demonstrated using a square-shape LED.