2024 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 154-166
Hydroxychloroquine（HCQ）is a cornerstone in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus（SLE）, recognized for its ability to reduce disease activity and improve long-term outcomes. It exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, helping to control symptoms, prevent flares, and reduce the risk of complications such as cardiovascular events and lupus nephritis. Furthermore, HCQ enables the reduction of glucocorticoid usage, thereby mitigating steroid-related side effects.
Regular ophthalmological monitoring is necessary for all patients due to the risk of retinal toxicity, even though the risk is higher with cumulative doses exceeding 1000g or daily doses over 5mg/kg. Early detection through routine eye examinations ensures that retinal damage is identified before it becomes irreversible.
HCQ is also considered safe during pregnancy, contributing to a reduction in flare-ups and pregnancy-related complications such as preeclampsia. New research is exploring combination therapies with biological agents like belimumab, offering promising advances in the treatment of refractory cases. Overall, HCQ continues to play an essential role in improving the quality of life and long-term health outcomes for SLE patients.
