Identification of the Chromosomes of Groundnut, Arachis hypogaea L

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Morphology of pachytene chromosomes was studied in Spanish (TMV-2) and Virginia (M-13) types of groundnut. All the 20 chromosomes could be identified individually from certain diagnostic characters in addition to their total lengths and arm ratios. A simple key has been proposed for classifying the different chromosomes to facilitate their easy identification. The ‘A’ chromosomes described earlier were found to correspond to a small chromosome that was completely heterochromatic. The ‘B’ chromosomes were traced to a bivalent with 2 large heterochromatic segments in the short arm. Chromosome morphology was more or less similar in both the varieties.