抄録
Germinated seeds from Vicia Faba, Nicotiana Langsdorffii, F1 (N. rustica×N. tabacum), Crepis capillaris, and Pisum sativum, were centrifuged several days with interruptions in electrie centrifuge at 1500 to 4000 revolutions per minute.
A stratification of the cell content occurred following centrifuging in the following order: Starch and plastids always get situated an the centrifugal cell wall, nuclei occupied most frequently centrifugal position, but in a few instances in some small tissue regions, they were found about in the middle of the cells or even at the centripetal cell wall. Nucleoli tend to occupy the centrifugal side in the nuclei (or the nuclei get turned this way). Chondriosomes tend to occupy centrifugal position in the cytoplasm, while the vacuoles the centripetal ones.
Some cells died as a result of centrifuging.
The achromatic figures (spindles) in the root tips of Vicia Faba were much more deformed during the early metaphase, metaphase, and early anaphase than during the late anaphase and telophase.
Cenrtifuging interfers with the mitotic processes. Failure of chromosome separation and cell division as well as the transfer of single chromosomes during the early metaphase which have been directed to one of the poles in the group of these directed to the other pole lead to formation of monosomic, trisomie, polysomic tetraploid, etc. cells. Injured achromatic figures may also lead to such abnormalities.
Chromosomes with dislocated segments are occasionally formed following centrifuging (Crepis capillaris).
Various kinds of ehromosomal chimeras were found in the root tips.
An amphidiploid shoot was formed by a centrifuged N. rustica×N. tabacunm hybrid.
A semisterile plant and a variegated one (with chlorophyll deficiency) were produced from centrifuged Nicotiana Langsdorffii plant.
Morphological abnormalities (narrow or broad leaves, crinkled, etc.) were induced in centrifuged Pisum sativum.
