カリフォルニア大学の入学者選抜における「総合的な審査」の説明責任

抄録

 In Japan, university admissions are shifting toward a more comprehensive, multidimensional evaluation. With this shift comes the challenge of how universities ensure accountability, including concerns about academic quality and fairness.

 Therefore, this study examines how the University of California (UC) has ensured accountability in using Comprehensive Review as an admissions selection method since its systemwide implementation in 2002. The analysis includes whether the selection outcomes have met the university's goals and whether UC has addressed concerns related to the Comprehensive Review.

 UC has explained this primarily from three perspectives: “ensuring academic quality and future success,” “ensuring diversity,” and “ensuring procedural fairness.” With respect to academic quality, future success, and diversity, UC has consistently collected and analyzed data, such as high school grade point average (GPA), first-year GPA, retention rates, graduation rates, and student demographics, and has quantitatively demonstrated that the outcomes are desirable. With respect to fairness, each campus provides detailed explanations of the Comprehensive Review process to enhance transparency, promotes consistency through quality-control measures such as “third read” and “norming,” and works to maintain reader quality. Qualitative reports on these measures further reinforce accountability.