The Role of Myokines in The Regulation of Capillary Density by Exercise

Abstract

Regular exercise improves capillary density （capillary network） in skeletal muscle, which contributes to protect against chronic diseases- or aging-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Although capillary density in skeletal is likely to be regulated by multiple angiogenic factors from skeletal muscle, the exercise-induced angiogenic factor family are poorly understood. In this study, we measured angiogenic factors in skeletal muscle to identify a family of angiogenic factors that regulate capillary density by regular exercise. To identify multiple angiogenic factors, we compared the factors between oxidative soleus muscle with high capillary density and glycolytic extensor digitorum longus muscle with low capillary density. We also compared angiogenic factors between exercise training group and sedentary group in plantaris muscle. After the analysis, we combined these results to identify family for exercise-induced angiogenic factors. Thirty-four angiogenic factors in oxidative soleus muscle were higher than glycolytic muscle. Forty-one angiogenic factors in exercise training group were higher than sedentary group. Twenty-seven an angiogenic factors were abundant in both oxidative muscle and exercise group. These results suggest that the multiple angiogenic factors could be a potential role to regulate capillary density by exercise training.