Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Transportation Passenger Services with Private Autos (Paratransit) in Japan

Abstract

Volunteer-run transportation passenger services with private autos can be a valuable supplement to conventional public transportation for elderly people who have difficulty leaving their homes. They can also provide support for outings, such as shopping and medical appointments. However, over the years, these services have faced sustainability issues due to the required human resources and cost. In this study, the sustainability of passenger services with private autos as evaluated by implementers, such as nonprofit organizations, is investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between the sustainability of transportation services and factors such as income (compensation from other businesses, factors that make it difficult to sustain even if the service is profitable, and factors that make it sustainable even if the service is running at a deficit) is examined. Additionally, the relationships between sustainability issues, performance indices, and measures are explored.