Evaluating Transport System Accessibility Under Disasters Considering Phase-Dependent Network Functionality

Abstract

Road networks in many regions experience disruptions due to various disasters that can increase travel times or isolate critical facilities. These disruptions can delay emergency responses, hinder access to essential services, and impact regional economies. Ensuring access to critical facilities, such as hospitals and shelters, is crucial in mitigating these effects. This study evaluates the impact of road disruptions on network functionality across different disaster phases—normal, emergency response, adaptation, and recovery. It integrates network efficiency metrics, weighted network efficiency, and the pairwise comparison method to assess accessibility under disaster conditions. Using Ilocos Norte, Philippines as a case study, it analyzes road network data, disruptions, and critical facility distribution. Results highlight that the network’s functionality varies depending on the geographical distribution of critical facilities. Well-distributed facilities demonstrated more stable accessibility. Findings emphasize the need for resilience-focused disaster management strategies, ensuring efficient fund allocation and improved accessibility to essential services.