Modern Perspectives on Highway Geometric Design: Accounting for Driver Perception – A Review

Abstract

Consistency in highway design is crucial for traffic safety and efficiency. In Vietnam, research on this remains limited. This paper evaluates modern design solutions based on international standards, focusing on design speed (V_D) and operating speed (V₈₅). The analysis shows that speed variation within traffic flow, rather than absolute speed, is the primary accident factor. Ensuring flow consistency helps reduce risks. Geometric road elements, including cross-section, alignment, and longitudinal profile, significantly affect accident frequency. Solutions such as optimal lane width, large curve radii, and auxiliary or emergency lanes enhance safety. The findings highlight the need for domestic research, updated design standards aligned with modern traffic conditions, and lessons from international practices to reduce accidents and improve road user safety in Vietnam.