Develop a multi-criteria methodology to evaluate and recommend the best sustainable option of public parking infrastructure planning in the Eastern Asia downtown

Abstract

The public parking system is a vital component of urban infrastructure, playing a crucial role in regulating traffic demand, reducing congestion, and supporting multimodal transportation. This study proposes a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach to evaluate and recommend sustainable public parking infrastructure planning in three cities in Eastern Asia: Thu Dau Mot, Thuan An, and Di An. The methodology integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Weighted Aggregation (WA) and traffic simulation modeling using PTV Visum. Various planning scenarios are assessed based on functional, economic, social, environmental, and feasibility criteria. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing parking locations, enhancing multimodal transport integration, and balancing stakeholder interests. Results indicate that strategic planning can significantly improve parking efficiency while minimizing environmental and economic costs. The study provides policy recommendations to guide sustainable urban parking development, emphasizing data-driven decision-making and public-private partnerships for long-term urban mobility solutions.