Ti/RuO₂-IrO₂-SnO₂-Sb₂O₅ Anodes for Cl₂ Evolution from Seawater

Abstract

Seawater can be used as an electrolyte for Cl₂ evolution, and proper selection of electrode materials is of great importance. In this paper, a new type of dimensionally stable anodes, Ti/RuO₂-IrO₂-Sb₂O₅-SnO₂, was investigated for Cl₂ evolution from seawater. The physicochemical and electrochemical properties were examined, and the electrocatalytic activity for Cl₂ evolution was measured under different conditions. It was shown that the RuO₂-IrO₂-Sb₂O₅-SnO₂ coating was compact in microstructure. The current efficiency was 71.2–86.7%, depending on the operational conditions. The anodes were predicted to be able to work effectively for over 6 years at a current density of 1500 A m⁻² for seawater electrolysis.