感情を喚起する4つの研究手法―対人的な感謝感情に焦点化して―

抄録

Focusing on interpersonal gratitude, four methods of inducing emotions in participants are reviewed: autobiographical memories, scenarios (or vignettes), laboratory experiments, and real-world phenomena. Autobiographical memories enable researchers to easily actualize high statistical power and examine causal effects through a random assignment. Scenarios not only allow for random assignments and attainment of high statistical power like autobiographical memories, but also enable strict control of several residual variables. Laboratory experiments can present participants with real stimuli to induce emotion with strong control of residual variables. Real phenomena can present participants with real-world stimuli and prevent deception, which is a known cause of subject pool contamination. Since tradeoffs exist between methods, using only one method would hinder a deep understanding of emotions. Hence, researchers must give as much attention to updating their knowledge about methodologies as the study of emotions itself.