ON THE SECTION OF VISCOSE SILK. III ON THE RELATION OF THE SPINNING BATH AND THE SECTION

Z. Kawata

doi:10.2115/fiber1925.17.392

ON THE SECTION OF VISCOSE SILK. III

ON THE RELATION OF THE SPINNING BATH AND THE SECTION

Z. Kawata

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1941 Volume 17 Issue 10 Pages 392-415

DOI https://doi.org/10.2115/fiber1925.17.392

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Published: 1941 Received: - Available on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008 Accepted: August 02, 1941 Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: November 27, 2008 Reason for correction: - Correction: DTRECEIVED Details: Wrong : 19410802

Date of correction: November 27, 2008 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : Experimental process.
Viscose, which is prepared by the usual method containning 8 % celluose and 7 % alkali, is
spun with a spinning bath of several composions under equrl conditions; and the fibers after fmishing are tested as to their qualities as follows.
1. good or bad result in spinning and twisting and the existence of nap.
2. appearance (colour and luster)
3. softness.
4. tensile strength and elongation.
5. dyeing affinity of direct dyestuff.
6. cross section and their surface ratio (α) and serration coefficient (β).
At first we spun the viscose with a H₂SO₄ bath, then gredually added Na₂SO₄ in the bath, and at last added considerable ZnSO₄ to it. as a consequnce we have learned the following par-ticulars.
A. Nap is apt to scour in fibers of less serration and their qualitiy is inferior.
B. Serrations are produced remarkably by addition of ZnSO₄ in the bath. Next we spun the viscose in a bath containnig Fe-, Ni-, Al-, Mg or NH₄-in addition sulphate instead of Zn-Salt individually, and then in addition added ZnSO₄ in these baths. As the results of these experiments, we may conclude that: “In order to make serration of.cross section of viscose fiber, it is necessary that there exist two or more positive radicals besides sulphuric acid in the spinning bath, and one of them must be light or neavy metallic radical and another is always Na-radical as the viscose is Na-salt. If there are two metallic radicals in the bath, it will produce superior results.” In practice it is limitted to the use of Zn-, Mg-, and Al-salts as the other radicals harm qualties of the fibers in precipitation and colour.
Compositions of a spinning bath of viscose silk are H₂SO₄, Na₂SO₄ and metalic sulphate as nomal and serration is produced only under the conditions of the one bath. When viscose is added to the spinning bath, neutralisation, salting out, combination of metalic radical and decomposition of impurities occur simulteneously and then the regeneration of cellulose. Metallic combination on the surface is irregular owing to dilution by water from viscose and neutralisation, interrupted by gas produced from the decomposition, of impurities and the flow of liquid; these positions make serration after the regeneration. The two bath method, which is a salt solution as the first bath and an acid solution as the second bath, does not produce serration. These reactions are assumed n colour change during the spinning process.
H₂SO₄
Reactions are neutralisation, decomposition of impurities and regeneration of cellulose. The_??_oper quantity to use is 90_??_140 g/l and 5_??_10 % of cellulose at a concentration of 1.5_??_3.0 % to complete regeneration of cellulose remains on the fiber after the spinning.
Na₂SO₄
Reactions are salting out and oppression of acid reaction. It is necessary to maintain a constant quantity in the bath as it increases in the spinning process., The speciality is, to produce good luster, softness, dyeing affinity and strength. The proper quantity to use is 90_??_250 g/l varymg according to the amount of other salts.
ZnSO₄
The reactions is a combination on the surface of fiber to produce serration. The special results are a pronounced effect by the addition of a small quantity, provention of nap and the producing of good luster, softness, elongation and serration. So it is used generally in pratice. The maximum effect in producing serration is at 30_??_40 g/l, but on the contrary nap occures at this proportion, and the proper quantity to use is 10_??_20 g/l.
MgSO₄
Reactions are salting out and combination. The speciality is to produce good appearance, good luster, softness and serration.

Date of correction: November 27, 2008 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

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