抄録
In the first paper on this series attention has been drawn to the selective uniplanar orientation of (101) planes in films. The purpose of this work is to investigate the above orientation of (101) planes in fibers. In order to determine whether preferencial orientation of (101) planes takes place or not, the micro X-ray examination were carried out on model bristles. These specimens having a diameter of 300_??_700μ were prepared by extruding viscose into several kinds of spinning baths through a glass nozzle. The thickness of cross-sectioned specimen was 30_??_50μ. Diffraction patterns were taken for several cross sections of undrawn and drawn bristles on different radial regions. The collimeter diameter was 50μ in each case.
No preferred orientation of (101) planes is observed in Toramomen type filament. It may be concluded that crystallites lie in all possible directions in this case, since the micro X-ray diagram agrees with the powder pattern. On the other hand, in the case of undrawn Müller type filament it is confirmed that the (101) planes have a preferencial orientation parallel to the fiber surface in a skin region, while random orientation in a core region. The degree of orientation becomes more pronounced with increasing sulfate in the bath. This orientation behavior is essentially identical with that described on films in the previous work of this series.
Undrawn Müller type cellulose filament exhibits smaller tangential and longitudinal swelling by wetting, and shrinkage by drying than Toramomen type filament. It seems reasonable to explain swelling properties on the basis of the preferred orientation of (101) planes parallel to the filament surface as in the case of films, keeping in mind that hydroxyl groups concentrate mostly on the (101) surfaces of cellulose crystallites. Fiber can be considered as the structure made from films concentrically multi-layered. Irregular shapes of cross section of viscose rayons, depending on the spinning bath, are discussed in relation to the preferencial orientation of (101) planes and anisotropic swelling and shrinkage behavior.
The change of the orientation of (101) planes with drawing are also examined by the micro X-ray method. The filament has a tendency to maintain the selective uniplanar orientation in spite of tangential decrease in dimension. This tendency is in good agreement with that found for drawn cellophane.
