EFFECTS OF STEAMING MEDIA ON THE RATE OF DIFFUSION OF C. I. DISPERSE RED 17 IN NYLON 6, POLY(ETHYLENE TELEPHTHALATE) AND CELLULOSE TRIACETATE

Abstract

The effects of ten steaming media and hot-air on the diffusion coefficient of C. I. Disperse Red 17 in nylon 6, poly (ethylene terephthalate) and cellulose triacetate film were investigated from a viewpoint of the Williams-Landel-Ferry equation (WLF-equation). The diffusion coefficient was determined by the film-roll method. Following results were obtained.
(1) In the cases of steaming and hot-air, temperature dependence of the dye diffusion coefficient obeys a WLF equation which has been observed for the diffusion of disperse dye in organic solvent dyeing. The values of constants in the WLF equation, C₁ and C₂, are the same values as in the organic solvent dyeing.
(2) The standard temperature varies with the solvent species. The effects of solvents on the dye diffusion coefficient are explained in terms of the lowering of standard temperature due to the lowering of glass transition temperature of polymer by absorbing the solvent in steaming.
(3) At any temperature, the difference of the dye diffusion coefficients in the steamed and solvent dyed polymer is correlated with the vapour pressure of the solvents, showing a decrease with increasing the vapour pressure of the solvents.