X-ray Diffraction Diagram of the Bacterial Cellulose Membrane Produced by Acetobacter xylinum in the Medium with Lignosulfonate

抄録

Five different types of lignosulfonate samples and five effectors; i.e. Calcofluor, Congo red, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), caffeine, and theophylline were added into a medium for a culture of Acetobacter xylinum ATCC 10245 and their effects on cellulose membrane production were compared. All the five lignosulfonate samples remarkably increased the bacterial cellulose membrane yields more than those of the effectors. The highest yield (389% to the standard medium) was obtained when 0.7% of a sodium lignosulfonate sample were added. The sodium lignosulfonate showed the average molecular weight of 18, 000 and the sulfonyl group content of 0.90 meq/g. CMC, caffeine, and theophylline were also slightly effective on cellulose membrane yields but Calcofluor and Congo red gave the negative effects.
X-ray diffraction diagrams of the bacterial cellulose membranes showed different peak intensities in the diffractograms corresponding to (101) and (002) of crystallographic planes. Addition of any kinds of lignosulfonate samples increased not only the cellulose yields but also the crystallinities of cellulose membranes, especially the addition of sodium lignosulfonate showed the highest crystallinity value. Lignosulfonate is assumed to be the new type of stimulator for bacterial cellulose membrane production because they have potential for the increase in not only the cellulose membrane productivity but also the crystallinity of the cellulose membrane.