Abstract
Free shearing deformation of woven fabrics under uniaxial tensile load was analyzed, Equations to calculate the strains along the yarn directions and crossing angle of yarns from the cloth strains were derived. Considering the linear elasticity, the relationships between the tensile loads and the strains under comparably large strains were also analyzed theoretically. Using the theory, the shearing was examined. Experiments were carried out for some plain fabrics in bias directions under comparably large load by the rod-clamp method to measure the deformations under bias load. In some bias direction, both extension and compression were found in yarn directions with shearing of the yarns' crossing angle. For fabrics with different structures in warp and weft directions, the deformation behaviors showed non-symmetry about the load direction of 45degrees. The calculation value of yarn strains and yarns crossing angle were agreed well with measured ones. The apparent shearing modulus was calculated from the experimental strains. In experimental condition, the apparent shearing rigidity shows non-linear characteristics against the changing angle between crossing yams. The dependence of apparent shearing rigidity on the load direction was found that the rigidity becomes large when the load direction was near by yarn direction.
