Fire at Notre Dame Cathedral and Lead Materials in the Environment

Natsuki Date; Atoki Sato; Kazuya Takeuchi; Toshihiro Mori; Kohei Yokosuka; Yuki Ito; Kenta Shima; Keigo Suzuki; Hideaki Taguchi; Tomohiro Chiyozaki; Kento Yanagawa; Tommy Kenji Giles; Takashiro Akitsu

doi:10.3210/fst.39.17

Natsuki Date, Atoki Sato, Kazuya Takeuchi, Toshihiro Mori, Kohei Yokosuka, Yuki Ito, Kenta Shima, Keigo Suzuki, Hideaki Taguchi, Tomohiro Chiyozaki, Kento Yanagawa, Tommy Kenji Giles, Takashiro Akitsu

Author information

Natsuki Date [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Atoki Sato [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Kazuya Takeuchi [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Toshihiro Mori [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Kohei Yokosuka [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Yuki Ito [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Kenta Shima [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Keigo Suzuki [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Hideaki Taguchi [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Tomohiro Chiyozaki [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Kento Yanagawa [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Tommy Kenji Giles [Japan]
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]
Takashiro Akitsu [Japan] Corresponding author
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Japan [Japan]

Keywords: Fire, Lead, Notre Dame Cathedral, Building Materials, Energy Materials

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2020 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 17-37

DOI https://doi.org/10.3210/fst.39.17

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Abstract

This literature review deals with lead materials in fire and related environmental issues based on inorganic chemistry. In 2019, the Notre Dame Cathedral fire raised not only the issue of damage to historical building, but also the issue of the impact of lead materials on the environment as well as human health. Three months after the fire, French media reported that lead contamination had been detected in the area around the cathedral, with lead levels 500-800 times higher than the safety requirements. More than 200 tons of lead used in the roofs and spire melted in the fire. Besides this French fire case, chemical aspects of lead (element and compounds), usage of lead as building materials (Japanese castle, paint for a highway bridge, and protection against radioactive rays) on past architectural fires, energy materials (gasoline, lead-acid battery, and Perovskites solar cells in future) and their potential fire risk, and impact to human are also reviewed in this paper.

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