Abstract
In 2013, the International Headache Society (IHS) published the beta version of the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3β). These criteria, which are based on expert consensus, serve as diagnostic criteria for research and as a guide to clinicians. The reason for providing a beta version is to ensure consistency with the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), which is currently under revision, and the IHS plans to publish the beta version as the ICHD-3 in 2016. ICHD-3β classified headache disorders into 3 parts and 14 groups. Part 1 (groups 1-4) comprised groups of primary headaches lacking an organic cause and representing discrete physiological disorders not associated with any other illness or pathology. Included in this category are: 1) migraine; 2) tension-type; and 3) trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs). Many diseases belonging to this group need differentiation from temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) because they can occasionally present with facial pain. Part 2 (groups 5-12) covered groups of secondary headaches; or organic headaches symptomatic of an underlying problem. Headaches attributed to TMD are classified in group 11 as type 7 (11.7). To diagnose such headaches (11.7), the use of DC/TMD diagnostic criteria defined by the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group, is recommended. Part 3 (groups 13, 14) involved groups of "Painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains". Many diseases that are familiar to orofacial pain experts belong to this part, including trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, burning mouth syndrome (BMS), and persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP). To correctly diagnose TMDs, a full knowledge of differential diagnoses is required. To this end, TMD/OFP experts must be aware of the classification and diagnostic criteria of ICHD-3β.
