Abstract
The studies of the situations of language have been made chiefly in speaker's point of view. And most of the situations have been considered as the exterior ones.
These exterior situations are, of course, the important and necessary factors in studying language. But language has two sides in itself-ental and physical, so the study should be made on these sides.
Then the author has considered the mental situations, which are also observed not only from the speaker's point of view, but also the hearer's.
Thus considered, the mental situations are the followings:
1. Speaker's and hearer's mental states at the beginning of a certain language action.
2. Speaker's and hearer's mental states added and changed minute by minute by the language action.
3. Speaker's and hearer's experiences and knowledges that they have got.
4. The domain of consciousness.
These situations work intersecting each other in language action and act on the change of the meaning and form of language. Especially the domain of the consciousness is considered to have the important relation with the domain of meaning.
