Source apportionment for PM2.5 in Yokohama city

Abstract

Measurements were performed from June 2003 to January 2005 in Yokohama city, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan. The species in this study were OC, EC, ions(6), metals(9). The source contributions for PM2.5 in this site were estimated by using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). The results showed that eight sources were identified: gasoline-powered vehicles(32%), secondary aerosol(NO3-)(10%), oil combustion(8.4%), sea salt(4.0%), incineration(4.9%), soil(2.4%), metal(10%), secondary aerosol(SO42-) & diesel-powered vehicles (28%). In conclusion, it would be necessary to be enforced emission standards for not only diesel-powered vehicles, but also multiple sources. In addition, 13C in PM 2.5 was measured in this study. The possibility of source apportionment for PM2.5 using 13C was investigated.