Antarctica is a extreme environment for terrestrial living organisms, because of cold, high dose of cosmic and uv rays. In addition, Antarctica is the influenced place of the environmental changes like a global warming or a damage of ozone layer, remarkably and firstly. Furthermore, Since there is a place where the ecosystem is nearly closed, analysis of the ecosystem would be easy. Therefore, we proposed a study of the evolution and adaptation of living organisms in the extreme environment, using various tools of chemical and biological analysis. This study is also applicable for the investigation of extraterrestrial life and the estimation of habitable conditions in astrobiology. In this paper, we described the preliminary results of the spatial and time distributions of organic compounds, e.g. amino acid, lipids, and pigments, in the soils, lake water, and lake sediments at Antarctica.
