Atmosphere, Ocean, and Human Behavior in Global Warming

Abstract

It has been reported that the iron contained in Kosa and volcanic ash from eruptions increases primary production in some marine areas, leading to the absorption of carbon dioxide and an increase in marine aerosols and fish populations. However, in recent years, global warming has become apparent and the global average sea surface temperature has been rising. In addition to the increase in greenhouse gases, the regulation of marine fuel implemented by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2020 has also been pointed out as one of the causes. It is said that the reduction in sulfur dioxide emitted by ships has reduced aerosols over the ocean, which in turn has reduced clouds that block sunlight, and may have raised the water temperature. It has also been reported that the frequency of tropical cyclones decreases in ocean areas affected by air pollution. These interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean are fascinating, and to better understand the mechanisms involved, it is essential for countries to collaborate in conducting simultaneous observations of the atmosphere and ocean. Quantitative analysis based on such data will be crucial.