Specific COVID-19 risk behaviors and the preventive effect of personal protective equipment among healthcare workers in Japan

Reiko Shimbashi; Teiichiro Shiino; Akira Ainai; Saya Moriyama; Satoru Arai; Saeko Morino; Sayaka Takanashi; Takeshi Arashiro; Motoi Suzuki; Yukimasa Matsuzawa; Kenichiro Kato; Mitsuru Hasegawa; Rie Koshida; Masami Kitaoka; Takafumi Ueno; Hidefumi Shimizu; Hiroyoshi Yuki; Tomoko Takeda; Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama; Kashiya Takasugi; Shun Iida; Tomoe Shimada; Hirofumi Kato; Tsuguto Fujimoto; Naoko Iwata-Yoshikawa; Kaori Sano; Souichi Yamada; Yudai Kuroda; Kazu Okuma; Kiyoko Nojima; Noriyo Nagata; Shuetsu Fukushi; Ken Maeda; Yoshimasa Takahashi; Tadaki Suzuki; Makoto Ohnishi; Keiko Tanaka-Taya

doi:10.35772/ghm.2022.01060

Original Article

Specific COVID-19 risk behaviors and the preventive effect of personal protective equipment among healthcare workers in Japan

Reiko Shimbashi, Teiichiro Shiino, Akira Ainai, Saya Moriyama, Satoru Arai, Saeko Morino, Sayaka Takanashi, Takeshi Arashiro, Motoi Suzuki, Yukimasa Matsuzawa, Kenichiro Kato, Mitsuru Hasegawa, Rie Koshida, Masami Kitaoka, Takafumi Ueno, Hidefumi Shimizu, Hiroyoshi Yuki, Tomoko Takeda, Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama, Kashiya Takasugi, Shun Iida, Tomoe Shimada, Hirofumi Kato, Tsuguto Fujimoto, Naoko Iwata-Yoshikawa, Kaori Sano, Souichi Yamada, Yudai Kuroda, Kazu Okuma, Kiyoko Nojima, Noriyo Nagata, Shuetsu Fukushi, Ken Maeda, Yoshimasa Takahashi, Tadaki Suzuki, Makoto Ohnishi, Keiko Tanaka-Taya

Author information

Reiko Shimbashi
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Teiichiro Shiino
Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Akira Ainai
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Saya Moriyama
Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Satoru Arai
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Saeko Morino
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Sayaka Takanashi
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Takeshi Arashiro
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Motoi Suzuki
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Yukimasa Matsuzawa
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Kenichiro Kato
Nakanoegota Hospital, Nakano, Tokyo, Japan.
Mitsuru Hasegawa
Okabe Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Rie Koshida
Kanazawa City Health Center, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Masami Kitaoka
Kanazawa City Health Center, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Takafumi Ueno
Fukuoka Kinen Hospital, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
Hidefumi Shimizu
JCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroyoshi Yuki
Yamada Memorial Hospital, Sumida, Tokyo, Japan.
Tomoko Takeda
Chuo Public Health Center, Chuo, Tokyo, Japan.
Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama
Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Sumida, Tokyo, Japan.
Kashiya Takasugi
Yoron Tokushukai Hospital, Oshima, Kagoshima, Japan.
Shun Iida
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Tomoe Shimada
Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Hirofumi Kato
Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Tsuguto Fujimoto
Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Naoko Iwata-Yoshikawa
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Kaori Sano
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Souichi Yamada
Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Yudai Kuroda
Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazu Okuma
Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.
Kiyoko Nojima
Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
Noriyo Nagata
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Shuetsu Fukushi
Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Ken Maeda
Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Yoshimasa Takahashi
Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Tadaki Suzuki
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Makoto Ohnishi
Deputy Director-General, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Keiko Tanaka-Taya
Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.

Keywords: risk factors, seroepidemiology, personal protective equipment

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2023 Volume 5 Issue 1 Pages 5-14

DOI https://doi.org/10.35772/ghm.2022.01060

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Abstract

As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks in healthcare facilities are a serious public health concern, we performed a case-control study to investigate the risk of COVID-19 infection in healthcare workers. We collected data on participants' sociodemographic characteristics, contact behaviors, installation status of personal protective equipment, and polymerase chain reaction testing results. We also collected whole blood and assessed seropositivity using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and microneutralization assay. In total, 161 (8.5%) of 1,899 participants were seropositive between August 3 and November 13, 2020. Physical contact (adjusted odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.1-5.6) and aerosol-generating procedures (1.9, 1.1-3.2) were associated with seropositivity. Using goggles (0.2, 0.1-0.5) and N95 masks (0.3, 0.1-0.8) had a preventive effect. Seroprevalence was higher in the outbreak ward (18.6%) than in the COVID-19 dedicated ward (1.4%). Results showed certain specific risk behaviors of COVID-19; proper infection prevention practices reduced these risks.

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