Abstract
The effects of additives with formic acid, a bacterial inoculant, and a bacterial inoculant and enzyme mixture at ensiling on the fermentation quality and flora of lactic acid bacteria of timothy and orchardgrass silage were investigated. In all silage, the fermentation quality was improved with all additive treatments. Counts of lactic acid bacteria were 10^8 cfu/g DM and over. Counts of yeast and mould were 10^5 cfu/g DM and 10^3 cfu/g DM on formic acid treatment, respectively. With regard to the species of lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum comprised 77.4% and over in control and formic acid treatments. In bacterial inoculant, and bacterial inoculant and enzyme mixture treatments, Lactobacillus rhamnosus comprised 83.9% and over. Both species of lactic acid bacteria were dominant. Of these two lactic acid bacteria, regarding homofermentation, the first produced DL lactic acid and the second produced L (+) lactic acid. From the above results, the fermentation quality of silage was improved by each addition. However, the species of dominant lactic acid bacteria differed.
